1) BERNARD, Lennox.
Drug use survey
among young people (age 14-20) in Trinidad and
Tobago. [S.l]. [s.n]. [s.d]. 30 p.
Abstract: The drug use survey presents
the most important findings concerning the
population age 14 to 20 years in Trinidad and
Tobago. A sample of 3023 young people reflecting
nationwide coverage included students at the
junior secondary, senior secondary, senior
comprehensive and private secondary schools as
well as students at the vocational and technical
institutes, youth camps, youth training centre
and unemployed youth. The paper deals in section
I with the nature and extent of the drug abuse
problem. Current research findings especially by
local researchers are highlighted. Section II
deals with the methodology. In this section
proportional allocation is discussed, the
seven-page self administered questionnaire is
described and the method of statistical analysis
is explained. Limitations of the study are
mentioned. Section III deals with the
characteristics of the respondents. The major
research findings are discussed in section IV.
There are three sections in keeping with the
objectives of the study:- The use and abuse of
drugs, the attitudes of the youth in Trinidad
and Tobago towards drug abuse and the youth's
perception of the drug abuse problem in Trinidad
and Tobago. Section V and VI deal with an
analytical summary and recommendations. A
technical report is necessary to deal with the
large volume of statistical findings. Only a
small sample is included.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
2) DE LA HAYE, Winston; HARRISON, J.
(2004). Profile and Pattern of Substance Abuse in
Clients treated in an Adolescent Substance Abuse
Clinic in a General Hospital in Jamaica [Abstract].
In West Indian Medical Journal v.53 Issue
Suppl. 5; 27p.
Abstract: Objective: To describe the
demographic characteristics and pattern of
alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use in
adolescents presenting to a substance abuse
clinic. Method: The demographic characteristics
and pattern of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug
abuse of adolescents between the period January
2004 and June 2004, were disaggregated using
systematic concurrent chart extractions. Data
analysis was done using the Statistical Package
for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 11.5.
Location:
UWI, Mona Campus
3) GORDON, Floris. (1995). Drug abuse in all
age schools. Kingston; [s.n]. 1995. 71 p.
Thesis: Presented to the University of the West
Indies, Mona, for the Degree, Master of Public
Health.
Abstract: Drug abuse is a serious problem in
Jamaica and around the world, affecting people
from all walks of life. The most significant
impact is among our youths who remain the most
affected by drug abuse. A survey designed to
assess knowledge, attitude and practice of
students with regard to drug use was undertaken
in schools. The study was conducted among 200
students in four all age schools, in the
metropolitan area. In order to do the study a
random sample was selected and a self
administered questionnaire was used to collect
the data. The results revealed that drug abuse
was rising and was more common in males than
females, in some cases the male to female ratio
being four to one. Alcohol was the most commonly
used drug, followed by tobacco, cannabis and
inhalants. 90 percent of alcohol users became
regular users. Among the illicit drugs, cannabis
was most prevalent. For both crack and cocaine,
the prevalence for current usage had increased
significantly since 1987. Twenty percent of
students believed there was no risk involved in
taking drugs. In general the trend of drug use
and abuse is on the rise and fifty percent of
students taking drugs began before ten year of
age. The author concluded that the problem of
drug use and abuse had risen and made
recommendations, including that institutions
should be set up to deal with drug abuse in
adolescents and existing educational programmes
be strengthened and targeted at the lower age
groups.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
4) LOWE-THORNE, Debra. (2004). Substance
Use/Abuse among Adolescents at the Senior Levels of
the North Georgetown Secondary School.
Georgetown, Guyana: The Caribbean Research Library,
Univ. of Guyana Library. 96p. In Thesis: Presented
to The University of Guyana for the Degree, Masters
in Social Sciences. (Alternate title: Substance
Use/Abuse among Adolescents: A Case Study. Paper
presented at the University of Guyana Library
Professional Seminar, May 2005).
Abstract: Critically examines the types of
substance use and/or abused by the Fourth and
Fifth Form students at the North Georgetown
Secondary School. Also, the extent of the use of
the substances, the venue where the substances
were used, and the factors that can be linked to
the use/abuse of substances among senior level
students of the North Georgetown Secondary
School. Further, the study examines how the
use/abuse of substances affected the students’
personal lives and their performance and
behavior in the classroom. The research has
brought to light a number of issues. Two of the
most significant of those issues are discovered
in the change in substances being consumed and
the extent of the danger it poses - Students are
no longer limiting themselves to the use of
tobacco and alcohol but have added marijuana and
cocaine. These are being consumed in the home
with parental approval. The additions of the
stronger drugs now constitute a threat to the
safety of the teachers and other students.
Further, they are at risk because the school has
no guidelines to be guided by when dealing with
drug related problems.
Location: The Caribbean Research
Library, University of Guyana Library.
Georgetown, Guyana
5) RING, Karen; FRASER, Wanda Bobb. (2005).
Alcohol use among Community College students in St.
Vincent and the Grenadines : implications for
prevention and education programmes. In:
Journal of Eastern Caribbean studies, , v. 30,
no. 4, p. 1-28.
Abstract: Presents the findings of a
study conducted with a group of St. Vincent and
the Grenadines Community College students to
ascertain their alcohol use, reasons and
influencing factors for initial and continuing
consumption of the drug, and their prior
involvement in school and community drug
prevention and education programmes.
Location: CARICOM Secretariat
Documentation Centre
6) SHARMA, Karmesh L. D. (1995). Present
trends in drug use and abuse in new secondary
schools in the Kingston Metropolitan Area.
Kingston; [s.n]. 76 p. Thesis: Presented to the
University of the West Indies, Mona presented for
the degree Master of Public Health.
Abstract: Within recent years, drug
abuse has become a priority health problem
affecting individuals and threatening the
social, political and legal institutions of the
region. Sadly, children, including those at
school are the main victims of the consequences
of drug abuse. A survey was conducted among 200
students, grades 9-11, in 4 new secondary
schools in the metropolitan area of Jamaica.
Through a self administered questionnaire, the
study sought information on the lifetime and
current prevalence of licit and illicit drugs,
students' perception of the ease of obtaining
these drugs, the risk involved and their
attitude towards drug use. The findings revealed
that there were increases in the lifetime and
current prevalence in the use of cannabis,
cocaine, crack, psychedelics, opiates, tobacco
and alcohol. Students reported increased
accessibility to these drugs and less risk
involved in drug use, and many reported that
they did not disapprove of trying drugs,
including cocaine and crack. The highest
prevalence of drug use was with alcohol,
followed by tobacco and inhalants, and more
males reported drugs use than females. These
were compared generally to the findings of the
NCDA (1987) school survey. The author concluded
that drug abuse has increased in this category
of students, and made recommendations including,
re-evaluation of the drug abuse prevention
programmes in schools; strengthening of peer
counselling in schools; banning of tobacco and
alcohol advertisements, and of smoking in public
places and to create a data base on drug abuse
for the region.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
7) SINGH, H. N; MAHARAJH, Hari D. (1991).
Alcohol and drug abuse among secondary
schoolchildren in Trinidad and Tobago. West
Indian med. j; 40(suppl.1):25-6, Apr. (Present
in: Commonwealth Caribbean Medical Research Council
36th Scientific Meeting, Bridgetown, Apr. 24-27,
1991.)
Abstract: A questionnaire survey of a
stratified, randomized sample of 1,603 (80
percent of sample) secondary school students,
aged 14-18 years, on substance abuse, was
conducted in Trinidad and Tobago in 1988. The
life-time prevalence rate for alcohol was 84
percent, tobacco 34.8 percent, marijuana 8.0
percent and cocaine 2.0 percent. Alcohol was the
substance most consistently used and students'
first exposure to drinking alcohol was by family
members in childhood (46.1 percent) or
experimentation later. Transitions from primary
to secondary schools and from junior to senior
schools were associated with increased alcohol
use. Ethnic reversals of substance abuse among
high school students were observed by a high use
of alcohol among Indo-Trinidadian and low use
among Afro-Trinidadian students (X² = 56.00 df=1).
Similarly, the use of marijuana was high in
Afro-Trinidadian students when compared to
Indo-Trinidadians (X² = 28.00 df=1). The use of
alcohol by students was positively correlated to
its use by fathers and negatively with religious
activities. The simultaneous use of drugs among
students appears to be a growing problem.
Secondary school students in Trinidad and Tobago
are foremost among users of alcohol, tobacco and
cocaine in the Caribbean region. There is a need
for the implementation of culturally relevant
educational and prevention programmes in schools
(AU)
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
8) SINGH, H; MAHARAJH, Hari D; SHIPP, M. (1991).
Pattern of substance abuse among secondary school
students in Trinidad and Tobago. Public
Health: 105 (6):435-41, Nov.
Abstract: A questionnaire survey of
1,603 secondary school students, aged 14-18
years, was conducted in Trinidad and Tobago in
1988. Prevalence of alcohol use was 84 percent,
tobacco 35 percent, marijuana 8 percent and
cocaine 2 percent. Alcohol was the substance
most consistently used and students' first
exposure to drinking alcohol was with family
members. Transitions from primary to secondary
schools and from junior to senior schools were
associated with increased reporting of alcohol
use. Significantly more Indo-Trinidadian than
Afro-Trinidadian students reported using alcohol
frequently. Conversely more Afro-Trinidadian
students than Indo-Trinidadians reported using
marijuana. The use of alcohol by students was
positively correlated to its use by fathers and
negatively with religious activities. The use of
drugs among students appears to be a growing
problem. There is a need for the implementation
of culturally relevant educational prevention
programmes in schools.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
9) MAHARAJH, H. D.; KONINGS, M. (2005).
Cannabis and suicidal behaviour among adolescents: a
pilot study from Trinidad. In Scientific
World Journal. Aug 8; 5: 576-85.
Abstract: Cannabis use and suicidal
behaviour are causes of adolescent morbidity and
mortality worldwide. Changing trends in these
behaviours in younger age groups, higher
incidence, gender differences and sociocultural
variations present an enormous challenge. There
is no consensus whether these complex
relationships are either a direct or an indirect
effect due to other mental disorders, or a
social response of disclosure of drug taking
habits to family members and school authorities.
This paper reviews the epidemiology of suicidal
behaviour and cannabis use among adolescents and
looks at the relationship of these behaviours
regionally and internationally. The Caribbean
islands have an established use of cannabis with
higher suicidal rates, which provides an ideal
setting to investigate the interrelationship of
these disorders. Preliminary research findings
in Trinidad indicate high rates of cannabis use
among school students with higher rates in
vocational schools compared to grammar schools.
Utilising the CAPE questionnaire, depressive and
psychotic experiences were common findings in
adolescent cannabis users with a significant
preponderance of depressive experiences
(p<0.01). Our findings suggest that there is a
convincing relationship between suicidal
behaviour and cannabis use, the latter awakening
depressive experiences. Suicidal behaviour and
cannabis use are major public health problems
and require a multidimensional approach with
culturally competent preventive interactions.
School based prevention programmes are necessary
at the levels of parent-teacher partnership and
classroom intervention. The treatment of
adolescent disorders remains a major challenge
of the future. Double disorders such as cannabis
use and suicidal behaviour are uncharted areas
and need novel approaches.
Location:
PubMed Database (indexed for MEDLINE)
10) SINGH, H; MUSTAPHA, N. (1993). Some
factors associated with substance abuse among
secondary school students in Trinidad and Tobago –
abstract. West Indian med. j; 42(Suppl.
1):27, Apr.
Abstract: The aim of this study done
in 1988 was to explore the relationship between
substance abuse and attitudes of youth towards
education, religion and family life in secondary
school students, aged 14 to 18 years in Trinidad
and Tobago. A random stratified sampling
technique resulted in a selection of 30
secondary schools and 2000 students. Data were
collected from 1,603 (80 per cent) students,
using a self-administered questionnaire
completed in the classroom and supervised by
trained survey workers. Analysis of the data,
using the Chi-square test, indicated a
significant association (p<.001) between
involvement in substance abuse (defined as
regular or occasional usage of alcohol,
marijuana or cocaine) and the following factors:
grades at school, importance of religious
involvement, amount of spending money obtained,
confidence placed in parents/peers, parental
involvement in alcohol consumption and
educational expectations. Generally, the study
indicated that youths who were less committed to
traditional values, showed a greater tendency to
be involved in substance abuse. Involvement also
appeared to be associated with low self-esteem
and low educational expectations
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
11) SMART, Reginald G; PATTERSON, Sandra D.
(1990). Comparison of alcohol, tobacco, and
illicit drug use among students and delinquents in
the Bahamas. Bull Pan Am Health Organ;
24(1):39-45.
Abstract: Surveys of drug use were
conducted among 4,767 junior and senior high
school students in 1987 and 74 incarcerated
delinquents in 1988 in the Bahamas. It was found
that the majority of both groups reported having
drunk alcohol, and substantial proportions had
also smoked tobacco, although over twice as many
delinquents as students had smoked. However, use
of illicit drugs was far more common among
delinquents, at seven times the student rate for
marijuana and six times their rate for cocaine.
Many social and demographic similarities were
found among users in both groups, who were
likely to be males who had trouble in school or
did not attend school, were not religiously
active, and came from families where drugs were
used or sold. Over one-third of the delinquents
had sold drugs, but almost half (44 percent) of
the delinquents and 25 percent of the students
said they would use or sell marijuana or cocaine
if they had it. The results of the studies point
to the need for increased drug education in the
Bahamas and for efforts involving schools,
churches, parents, the media and Government.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
12) SOYIBO, K; LEE, Michael G. (1997). Use of
alcohol, tobacco and non prescription drugs among
Jamaican high school students. In West Indian
med. j.; 46(4):111-4, Dec.
Abstract: The prevalence of alcohol,
tobacco and non-prescription drugs was
investigated among 2417 Jamaican high school
students (1063 boys, 1354 girls). 1317 were
grade 10 (form four or 16 years old) and 1100
were grade 11 (form five or 17 years old): 1072
and 1345 were from rural and urban schools,
respectively; and 1126 and 1291 were children of
professionals and non-professionals,
respectively. The prevalence of alcohol and
tobacco use was 50.2 percent and 16.6 percent,
respectively; and there was a high level of
non-prescription drug use: paracetamol (85.7
percent), aspirin (76.7 percent), multivitamins
(41.9 percent) and bismuth (29.9 percent). Drugs
use among males, urban students, and children of
professionals was higher than among females,
rural students and children of
non-professionals.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
13) SOYIBO, K; LEE, Michael G. (1999). Use of
illicit drugs among high-school students in Jamaica.
Bull World Health Organ; 77(3):258-62.
Abstract: Reported are the results of
a survey to assess the prevalence of illicit
drug use among high school students in Jamaica.
A total of 2417 high-school students in 26
schools were covered: 1063 boys and 1354 girls
of whom 1317 were grade-10 students (mean age
15.7 years) and 1100 were grade-11 students
(mean age 16.8 years). Of the students, 1072 and
1354 were from rural and urban schools,
respectively, while 1126 and 1291 were children
of parents who were professionals and
nonprofessionals, respectively. The following
drugs were used by the students: marijuana (10.2
percent), cocaine (2.2 percent), heroin (1.5
percent) and opium (1.2 percent). Illicit drug
use among males, urban students and children of
professionals was higher than that among
females, rural students and children of
nonprofessionals, respectively.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
14) THOMPSON, S. A.; PAUL, Tomlin J.; HOLDER-NEVINS,
Desmalee (2004). Ganja use among teenagers 12 to
17 years old in St. Thomas, Jamaica. In West
Indian med. j. v. 53. 29-30p.
Abstract: Objective: To determine the
effects that perceived benefits and
disadvantages along with subjective influences
have on the prevalence of ganja use among
teenagers 12 to 17 years old in Dt. Thomas,
Jamaica. Method: A total of 210 students were
randomly selected from three randomly chosen
high schools in the Parish of St. Thomas. The
ministry of Health/ National Council on Drug
Abuse School Survey Questionnaire, revised to
cover the study objectives, was
self-administered to these students March 2004.
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)
version 11.0 was used for data analysis. Using a
structured guide, 18 students also participated
in 2 focus group discussions on Ganja use.
Location: UWI, Mona Campus
15) KARLSEN S; ROGERS A; MCCARTHY M. (1998).
Social environment and substance misuse: a study of
ethnic variations among inner London adolescents.
In Ethn Health;3(4):265-73, Nov.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore
ethnic variations in drug, tobacco and alcohol
use and their correlation with other factors
which operate through peer, familial and
religious influences. DESIGN: Semi-structured
interviews with 132 12-13-year-old young people
from four ethnic groups attending secondary
schools in two inner London boroughs and a
follow-up interview completed approximately 17
months later. RESULTS: The data was analysed
using chi-square and McNemar tests. Familial,
religious and peer influence closely correlated
with ethnicity. Bangladeshi young people showed
lower levels of peer and higher levels of
religious and familial involvement and lower
levels of substance use. White young people
reported higher levels of peer, lower levels of
religious and familial involvement, and a higher
level of substance use. Black African and Black
Caribbean young people lay between the two
extremes. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that
young people with lower levels of familial and
religious influence, or higher levels of peer
influence, have higher levels of substance
consumption than other young people. Health
education initiatives need to promote personal
decision-making skills within the context of the
young people's individual culture. Cultural
diversity should be recognized re within local
health education needs assessment.
Location: UWI, St Augustine [ADOLEC
Database]
16) KINGTON, Michael G. D. (1999). Peer
influence and its health implications for
adolescents in selected high schools in Jamaica.
Kingston; [s.n]. 1999. ix,62 p. ill. Thesis:
Presented to University of the West Indies, Mona,
for the degree, Master of Public Health.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to
examine the extent to which peer pressure
influences the behaviour of adolescents and the
implications of such behaviours for health. The
study, a cross-sectional one, was conducted at
the Clan Carthy and Donald Quarry Comprehensive
High Schools with 133 adolescents, and employed
a multi-stage sampling process - a combination
of random and stratified techniques. Subjects
for the sample were selected from one
class/stream each from grades 7 - 11, making a
total of 5 classes in the study sample. A focus
group study, involving 2 groups each of 6
students, was conducted to supplement the
quantitative findings. Results showed that male
adolescents were more involved in gangs/posses,
than females. In relation to drug/substance
abuse it was shown that the prevalence for males
was much higher than that of females except for
the use of inhalants, the majority was
encouraged by friends to use ganja and alcohol,
males were more likely than females to be
influenced or encouraged by their friends to use
drugs, and males were 3 times more likely than
females to meet with friends to drink alcohol.
In relation to sexual behaviour, it was shown
that approximately 76 percent of adolescents met
with friends to discuss sexual matters 70
percent of the times, and that male adolescents
were 11 times more likely than females to be
encouraged by friends to have sexual
intercourse, 14 times more likely to be
encouraged to fondle a girl and 10 times more
likely to be encouraged to have more than one
lover. In relation to violence it was found that
a knife was the most prevalent weapon carried or
encouraged to be carried by adolescents;
pencils/pens/divider were the most prevalent
weapons encouraged to be used in fights at
school and males were 3 times more likely than
females to fight at school. It was concluded
that males were more at risk than females to be
influenced by their peers, and it was
recommended that Family Life Education
programmes in schools be intensified and
specifically targeting the male adolescent.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
17) LOWRY, Christopher. (1995). Reaching
street youth on substance abuse. World Health
Forum, 16, (2), p. 131-134.
Abstract: Points out that solvent
abuse among street children is a good starting
point for creating a story in which all forms of
substance abuse can be talked about. It also,
describes a cartoon video made by Street Kids
International.
Location: CARICOM Secretariat Documentation
Centre
18) WRAY, Samuel R.; YOUNG, Lauriann E.; WEAVER,
Steve R. (2000). Substance abuse risk factors:
Some neuropsychological dimensions. In Brain,
function, behaviour, drugs and disease:
Neurosciences in the Caribbean. Kingston,
Jamaica: Medical and Scientific Development Trust
and Caribbean Brain Research Organization 26 p.
Abstract: Seeks to evaluate risk
factors considered to be determinants for
adolescent deviant behaviours. Substance abuse,
a major scourge of the seventies and eighties,
is a problem primarily affecting young people
and more often males than females. Focuses on
the evolution of the psychosocial problems
encountered within the Jamaican family structure
considered to be inter alia facilitators for the
abuse of illicit substances.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
19) ROLLOCKS S; DASS, N. (2007). Influence of
religious affiliation in alcohol use among
adolescents in Trinidad, Tobago, and St. Lucia: a
follow-up study. In Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse.
33(1):185-9.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study
examined the effects of religious affiliation
and other demographic variables in alcohol use
and attitudes among adolescents in Trinidad,
Tobago and St. Lucia. METHOD: The study used a
stratified random sample design of 380 male and
455 female students belonging to the 3 major
ethnic groups in Trinidad, Tobago and St. Lucia
(Afro-Trinidadian, Indo-Trinidadian, and Mixed
group). RESULTS: MANOVA showed an effect for
religion, with Hindu adolescents having higher
levels of regular alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS: This
finding supports the existing research in
Trinidad and developed countries on the effect
of various religious denominations of alcohol
use and attitudes.
Location:
PubMed Database (indexed for MEDLINE)
20) THOMPSON, S. A.; PAUL, Tomlin J.; HOLDER-NEVINS,
Desmalee (2005). To Smoke or Not to Smoke:
Understanding Ganja Use in Adolescents. In
West Indian med. j. v. 54. 54p.
Abstract: Objective: To determine the
effect of attitude and subjective influences on
the prevalence of ganja use among adolescents in
St. Thomas, Jamaica. Design and Methods: Two
hundred and ten students aged 12-17 years were
randomly selected from three randomly selected
high schools in St. Thomas. A self-administered
questionnaire, modified from the Ministry of
Health/National Council on Drug Abuse School
Survey Questionnaire to meet the study
objective, was given after receiving consent
from each school's administration. SPSS version
11.0 was used for data analysis. Using a
structured guide, 18 students also participated
in two focus group discussions analyzed using a
framework approach.
Location: UWI, Mona Campus
21) VITTETOE, Kenneth; et al. (2002).
Behavioral problems and tobacco use among
adolescents in Central America and the Dominican
Republic. In Rev. panam. salud publica = Pan
am. j. public health;11(2):76-82, Feb.
Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of
this study was to examine the association
between behavioral problems and tobacco use
among adolescent students in six countries of
Central America and in the Dominican Republic.
Methods: Data were drawn from a multinational
collaborative study that included questionnaire
surveys of between 451 and 1 170
school-attending adolescents in each of the
seven countries studied. Assessments were based
on an adapted, Spanish-language version of the
Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI). The
conditional form of logistic regression was
employed for analysis, matching students on type
of school and area, with further statistical
adjustments for sex, age, and selected risk
factors. Results: Occurrence of tobacco use was
observed to vary dramatically from country to
country. Nevertheless, for the combined group of
countries, the estimated odds of tobacco use in
youths at the highest levels of behavioral
problems was more than five times that for
youths at the lowest levels, after controlling
for sex, age, lack of participation in
recreational activities, level of irritability,
and levels of problems with school, family, and
mental health. Country-specific analyses show
that youths at the highest levels of behavioral
problems have a consistently greater occurrence
of tobacco use as compared to youths at the
lowest levels of behavioral problems.
Conclusions: These findings are concordant with
prior studies on tobacco use among adolescents
with behavioral problems. Although the magnitude
of observed associations varied according to the
country of residence, the strength of these
associations and their significance by
conventional standards were observed in nearly
all the countries sampled. This is the first
study in these seven countries on potentially
causal relationships such as these. More
research is needed to augment our knowledge
regarding the observed cross-country differences
and ultimately to develop, implement, and
evaluate effective tobacco preventative
intervention programs.
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
22) BENJAMIN, Keithly. (1994). Drug situation
for life skills program for primary schools. The
Valley; [s.n]. Feb. 28. 5 p. Present in: Drug
situation for life skills program for primary
schools workshop, The Valley, Feb. 28.
Abstract: No abstract available
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
23) BROWN, Carlos. An investigation in drug
use and abuse in primary and all-age schools.
Kingston: [S.l]. [s.d]. 26 p.
Abstract: No abstract available
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
24) BYFIELD, Marva.(1994). Family system and
adolescent drug involvement. Jamaican Nurse;
32(2):49-50. Present in: 5th Annual Research
Conference and Mary Seivwright Day, Kingston, Apr.
5-6 1994.
Abstract: No abstract available
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
25) REMY, Lionel. (1993). Drug use among
adolescents in Trinidad and Tobago: a preliminary
report of a five year epidemiological study.
Present in: Conference of the Caribbean Studies
Association, 18, Kingston, 24-29 May.
Abstract: No abstract available
Location:
MedCarib (Bireme) Virtual Health Library
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