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Multi-ethnicity
which grew out of the experiences of slavery and indentureship
has been a distinguishing characteristic of Caribbean societies. As a result,
men of different races have played a part on the basis of merit in the political
and economic life of the region. Indeed, so comfortable are the Caribbean
people with its multi-ethnic and multi-cultural nature that the election
of a Prime Minister of Portuguese descent in one of the member states of
the Caribbean Community provoked no comment. The Prime Minister in question,
the Hon. Dr. Ralph Gonsalves of St. Vincent and the Grenadines, remarked
that if this had happened in any other part of the world, it would have been
hailed as a victory. In the Caribbean, it is an accepted fact. Albert Gomes
was a politician of Portuguese descent who was prominent in the politics
of Trinidad and Tobago
and Caribbean unity.
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Albert Gomes, born in Belmont, Port-of-Spain, on 25th March 1911, was the first
and only son of Madeiran parents. His early education was at the Pamphylian High
School; he later studied in England. Although he came from a fairly middle-class
background, Gomes soon became acutely aware of the plight of the common man and
turned his energies to the cause of the labour movement and trade unionism. Gomes
recognised that the political system created by colonialism was suppressing the
energies of the people of Trinidad and had to be
discarded.
In the 1930s, Gomes became involved in the publication of a radical literary
magazine, "The Beacon", which provided a forum for the angry young
men of the time and which attracted, along the way, numerous libel suits. In
his view, the
magazine provided "a much needed safety valve for the pent up feelings of
many" and thus ensured its popularity. However, because the magazine depended
on the business community for its survival, it could not last as the colonial
representatives controlled this element of the society. The Beacon closed in
1933. In his autobiography, Gomes stated what happened next: "When the Beacon
ceased publication in 1933, my father bought a pharmacy and installed me in it." But
work in the pharmacy could not suppress the desire for public service. Gomes
was soon in the political fray contesting elections for the Port-of-Spain Council.
He organised workers into the Federal Trade Union and fought continuously with
the government on behalf of the lower classes. During an argument in the City
Council with Mayor Arthur Cipriani, Gomes created a sensation by lying on the
floor when asked to leave the chamber, necessitating his physical removal from
the room - no easy task, since Gomes was a man of extraordinary girth. For the
record, he ended by winning his point; his motion
was eventually accepted.
In 1945, Gomes contested and won the seat on the Legislative Council formerly
held by Cipriani, who died earlier that year. This was the start of a brilliant
career as a legislator - one which would see Gomes rise to become the most powerful
and influential politician in the country. In 1946, he confirmed his position
in the Legislative Council by running in the adult franchise elections and beating
out popular demagogue Uriah "Buzz" Butler, who had made the mistake
of challenging Gomes in his home constituency. The following year, he was the
chief delegate for Trinidad and Tobago at the Conference on Federation held in
Jamaica; he was a strong federalist and many of his basic principles were accepted
by the other West Indian leaders. In 1947, as a senior member on the Reform Committee,
he proposed radical changes to the make-up of the Legislative Council, which
were accepted; these gave the voice of the people more weight in the legislative
process. In 1950, under the new Constitution, he was re-elected to the Council
and was appointed Minister of Labour, Industry and Commerce - one of the first
five ministers in Trinidad and Tobago.
In the 1950s, Gomes formed a new party, the Party of Political Progress
Groups (POPPG), to campaign for the 1955 elections. The elections were
postponed until 1956 and in this vital year Gomes lost his political
momentum. Eric Williams and the new wave of politics were surging in;
Gomes' party did not win a single seat in the 1956 elections. In the
Federal Elections of 1958, he staged something of a comeback, joining
Bhadase Maraj and the DLP to win one of his greatest election battles
ever. When the Federation disintegrated in 1961, however, Gomes realised
that he had reached the end of the road. He migrated to England in 1962
where he lived and wrote until his death in 1978.